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Thyroid Eye Disease (TED) is an autoimmune condition affecting around one in 1,000 people in Europe. Its variability of symptoms and close association with Graves' disease, a separate thyroid disorder, can lead to considerable challenges in diagnosis. Earlier detection depends on strong collaboration between endocrinologists and ophthalmologists, as well as conversations that fully explore the impact of symptoms on patients' daily lives.

A preclinical study of the effects of aflibercept (Eylea, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals) and faricimab (Vabysmo-svoa, Genentech) showed that the two treatments were equal in their ability to maintain or restore the retinal endothelial barrier function and resultant visual integrity. Investigators attributed this result mainly to inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor A165 from binding to its receptor.