Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Demodex Blepharitis

At a recent expert roundtable, specialists in anterior segment disease gathered to discuss new developments in the diagnosis and management of Demodex blepharitis. One of the key messages centered on diagnostic approaches—specifically, whether the presence of collarettes on lashes alone is sufficient for diagnosis, without the need to extract lashes for microscopic confirmation. The consensus was clear: collarettes are pathognomonic and should prompt treatment, allowing clinicians to bypass more invasive or time-consuming diagnostic steps. This simplifies workflows, reduces patient discomfort, and aligns with evidence showing strong associations between collarettes and Demodex infestation.

The discussion also covered the widespread prevalence of Demodex blepharitis across patient populations—from glaucoma and uveitis to general cataract evaluations—emphasizing how frequently dry eye symptoms may be driven by this overlooked parasite. Rather than treating every patient empirically, the panel recommended focusing on three key groups: symptomatic patients with visible collarettes, those with severe blepharitis involving vision-threatening complications, and asymptomatic surgical candidates where ocular surface optimization is critical for surgical planning and recovery. Treating these specific groups allows for a targeted approach that balances clinical effectiveness with practical resource use.

A major theme was the introduction of a new, purpose-built pharmacologic therapy for Demodex blepharitis, addressing the longstanding lack of effective treatment. Traditional remedies like tea tree oil, hot compresses, and lid scrubs were acknowledged as largely ineffective or irritating. In contrast, this new agent offers a focused mechanism of action with real potential to improve patient symptoms and surgical outcomes. Importantly, complete eradication is not the goal; rather, treatment aims to reduce mite burden and improve quality of life. The ability to treat, pause, and re-treat as needed provides a flexible, patient-centered model for managing this common yet often neglected condition.