Louis Emile Javal contributed to field before, after blindness

Editor's Note: About 100 years ago, Louis Emile Javal, MD (1839-1907), suffered blindness as a result of glaucoma. Thebest medical minds of the day could not stave off these results. Medicine and surgery were used in vain. The accomplishments of this great ophthalmologist both before and after his blindness are discussed in this month's column.